Level Gauge Types And Working Principles
The liquid level gauge is to measure the height of the liquid level in the tank or tank, and display the height of the liquid level inside. The liquid level has a wide range of uses, specifically: magnetic flap level gauge,
glass tube level gauge, liquid level Transmitter, two-color quartz tube level gauge, buoy level gauge, etc. Today, I will introduce to you the working principle and application of various level gauges.
1. Ultrasonic level sensor
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working principle
It is to transmit energy waves through a device that can emit energy waves (usually pulse signals). The energy waves are reflected by obstacles, and a receiving device receives the reflected signals.
Determine the level change according to the time difference of the energy wave movement process. The microwave signal is processed by the electronic device, and finally converted into an electrical signal related to the material level.
A probe transmits an ultrasonic pulse signal to the surface of the measured medium. The ultrasonic wave is reflected when it encounters the measured medium (obstacle) during transmission. The reflected ultrasonic signal is detected
by the electronic module and processed by special software to analyze the transmitted ultrasonic wave and return. The time difference of the wave, combined with the propagation speed of the ultrasonic, can calculate the distance of
the ultrasonic propagation, and then can reflect the situation of the level.
Applicable scope and characteristics
It can be used to automatically compensate for the interference of steam, dust and moisture. In addition to liquid/solid, it can also be used for uninterrupted material/liquid level control, tanks, storage tanks, uninterrupted material/ liquid
level measurement storage rooms, granaries Wait. It is widely used in petroleum, chemical, tap water, sewage treatment, water conservancy and hydrology, steel, coal, electricity, transportation and food processing industries.
2. Magnetic flap level gauge
Main principle
The magnetic turning column level gauge is also called the magnetic turning plate level gauge. Its structure is mainly designed and produced based on the principles of buoyancy and magnetic force. The position of a float with a magnet (referred to as a magnetic float) in the measured medium is affected by buoyancy. The change of the liquid level causes the change of the position of the magnetic float, and the coupling of the magnetostatic force between the magnetic float and the magnetic turning column (also called the magnetic turning plate) causes the magnetic turning column to turn over a certain angle (the surface of the magnetic turning column is coated with different colors), and then reflects The condition of the liquid level in the container.
Electronic modules and transmitter modules composed of sensors (reed switches) and precision electronic components can transmit and output resistance value signals, current value (4-20mA) signals, switching signals and other electrical signals. So as to realize the combination of on-site observation and remote control
Applicable scope and characteristics
It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, stable performance, long service life, and easy installation and maintenance.
The magnetic turning column liquid level gauge can almost be applied to liquid level measurement and control in various industrial automation process control. It can be widely used in liquid level measurement, control and monitoring in the fields of
petroleum processing, food processing, chemical industry, water treatment, pharmaceuticals, electric power, papermaking, metallurgy, ships and boilers.
Sewage level transmitter
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3. Magnetic float ball level gauge (level switch)
Main principle
The structure of the magnetic float level gauge (level switch) is mainly designed and produced based on the principles of buoyancy and static magnetic field. The position of the floating ball with magnet (referred to as the floating ball)
in the measured medium is affected by buoyancy: the change of the liquid level causes the change of the position of the magnetic float. The magnet and sensor (reed switch) in the floating ball change the number of components (such as fixed-value resistors) connected in series to the circuit, which in turn changes the electrical quantity of the meter circuit system. That is, the change in the position of the magnetic float causes a change in the electrical quantity. Reflect the condition of the
liquid level in the container by detecting the change of the electrical quantity.
The level gauge can directly output the resistance value signal, or it can be used with the transmitter module to output the current value (4～20mA) signal; at the same time, it can be used with other converters to output voltage signals or
switching signals (or according to customer requirements. Company distribution). So as to realize the remote transmission, analysis and control of electrical signals.
Applicable scope and characteristics
Maglev ball level gauges can almost be applied to liquid level measurement and control in various industrial automation process control, and can be widely used in petroleum processing, food processing, chemical industry, water treatment,
pharmaceuticals, electric power, papermaking, metallurgy, ships and boilers, etc. Liquid level measurement, control and monitoring in the field.
4, glass plate level meter
Working principle and structure
The glass plate type liquid level gauge is designed based on the principle of the communicating device. The liquid path formed by the glass plate and the main body of the liquid level gauge is connected to the container to be measured by a
flange or taper pipe thread to form a communicating device, which can be observed through the glass plate. The liquid level is the same as the liquid level in the container, that is, the liquid level.
The needle valve at both ends of the level gauge not only functions as a stop valve, but the steel ball inside has the function of a check valve. When the level gauge is accidentally damaged or leaked, the steel ball can automatically close the
liquid channel under the action of the medium pressure. Prevent a large amount of liquid from flowing out to play a safety protection role. The level gauge can achieve the functions of anti-corrosion, heat preservation, anti-frost, lighting, etc. by
changing the materials of the parts or adding some auxiliary parts.
Applicable scope and characteristics
The glass plate level gauge has the advantages of simple structure, economical and practical, convenient installation, reliable work and long service life.
As a basic liquid level indicator, this product is widely used for liquid level measurement and monitoring in the simplest liquid level measurement occasions and large-scale engineering projects where the degree of automation is not high.
5, heavy hammer detection level gauge
Main principle
The weight detection level gauge is designed and produced according to the principle of mechanical balance. When the steel belt is immersed and floated at a certain position in the liquid, the gravity of the float, the steel wire rope (or steel belt),
the weight and the pointer, the buoyancy of the liquid on the steel belt and the friction of the system are in a balanced state.
When the liquid level changes, the buoyancy F will change accordingly, and the original balance of the system will be disturbed and the dynamic balance will be reached again. The change of the liquid level causes the position of the float to change,
and the heavy hammer drives the pointer to move up and down, and the liquid level change in the container can be clearly and intuitively displayed on the ruler.
The top of the scale plate indicates the zero position of the liquid level, and the bottom of the scale indicates the full scale of the liquid level. The pointer changes with the change of the material level, and then continuously indicates the level of the liquid.
Applicable scope and characteristics
The heavy hammer detection level gauge has the advantages of reasonable structure design, excellent performance, reliable work, long service life, easy installation and maintenance, and reasonable price. It can be widely used for continuous
measurement of various liquids in large and medium-sized storage tanks and the level of high-viscosity, corrosive liquids in the fields of chemical industry, electric power, water treatment, etc. under normal pressure conditions.
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6, smart radar level meter
Main principle:
Intelligent radar level gauge is a kind of microwave level gauge, which is an application of microwave (radar) positioning technology. It transmits energy waves through a device that can emit energy waves (usually pulse signals). The energy waves
are reflected by obstacles, and a receiving device receives the reflected signals. Determine the level change according to the time difference of the energy wave movement process. The microwave signal is processed by the electronic device, and
finally converted into an electrical signal related to the material level.
In microwave level measurement equipment, the energy waves used are usually high-frequency electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 8.3 GHz (mostly around 6 GHz, but also higher frequencies). The energy wave used by this device is a pulsed energy wave. The maximum pulse energy of the general pulse energy wave is about 1mW (average power is about 1μW), which will not cause radiation damage to other equipment and personnel.
Application scope and characteristics:
The intelligent radar level gauge is used for non-contact continuous measurement of the level of liquids, slurries and granular materials. It is suitable for occasions with large changes in temperature and pressure, and the presence of inert gas or steam.
It uses the microwave pulse (PTOF) measurement method and can work normally in the industrial frequency band. The beam energy is low, and it can be installed in various metal and non-metal containers or pipes without harm to the human body or the environment.
Has the following characteristics
1. No blind zone, high precision
2. The two-wire system technology is an excellent substitute for differential pressure meters, magnetostrictive, radio frequency admittance, and magnetic flap meters.
3. Not affected by pressure changes, vacuum, temperature changes, inert gas, smoke, steam, etc.
4. Easy to install, durable and maintenance-free
5. The output signal is 4mA～20mA/HART protocol, easy to calibrate, easy to realize on-site calibration operation through digital liquid crystal display, and simple configuration setting and programming through software
6. Sensitive measurement and fast refresh speed.
7. Suitable for high temperature working conditions, up to 200℃ process temperature, 350℃ when using high temperature extension antenna.
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